![]() The clinical data of children with ADSs were retrospectively collected from the Department of Neurology of Shanghai Children's Hospital from January 2017 to October 2021. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and prognoses of MOGAD in Chinese children, the clinical data of MOG-Ab-positive and MOG-Ab-negative children with demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) diseases who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected and analyzed in this study, with the aim of improving the understanding of the disease and the ability of doctors to diagnose and treat MOGAD in Chinese children. MOGAD has attracted significant academic interest in recent years however, research involving Chinese children remains rare. It has been reported hat one-third of children with ADS are MOG-Ab positive. Acquired demyelinating diseases associated with MOG-antibodies (MOG-Abs) are collectively referred to as MOG-Ab-associated disease (MOGAD). Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a demyelinating antibody target, was first discovered 40 years ago. Identifying the specific biological markers of each disease with the new generation of antibody detection technologies will play an important role in diagnosing diseases in this spectrum. Among ADSs, the clinical and imaging manifestations of some diseases overlap, and it is difficult to differentiate them clinically. The clinical phenotypes of ADSs are diverse, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), transverse myelitis (TM), optic neuritis (ON), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition to existing treatment plans, additional diagnoses and treatment plans should be developed to reduce recurrence and improve the prognoses of children with MOGAD.Īcquired demyelinating syndromes (ADSs) are a group of idiopathic immune-mediated diseases that originate in the brain (including the optic nerve) and/or spinal cord and are characterized by myelin damage or loss. The clinical characteristics and imaging features of ADSs differed between MOG-Ab-positive and MOG-Ab-negative children. The initial treatment time correlated with the disease time course, and the prognosis may be affected by the disease time course and serum MOG-Ab titer ( P < 0.05). The average improvement time based on brain MRI was much longer in MOG-Ab-positive than in MOG-Ab-negative children ( P < 0.05). The most common shapes of the lesions were commas, triangles, or patches. Among the MOG-Ab-positive patients, the most affected brain areas detected via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were the temporal lobe, cerebellar hemispheres, brainstem, and periventricular lesions. There were significant differences in the MOG titer-related prognosis and disease time course between the disease relapse group and the non-relapse group ( P < 0.01). ![]() There were ten cases of a rebound increase in MOG-Ab titers. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was the most common ADSs in both groups. MOG-Ab-positive children experienced more prodromal infections than did MOG-Ab-negative children ( P < 0.05). ResultsĪmong 90 children with ADSs, 30 were MOG-Ab-positive, and 60 were MOG-Ab-negative. The clinical data of children with MOGAD who were treated in the Department of Neurology at Shanghai Children's Hospital from January 2017 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and analyze the clinical characteristics and prognoses of Chinese children with acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADSs) who tested positive or negative for MOG-Ab. Research on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-associated disease (MOGAD) among Chinese children is relatively rare.
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